Abstract
It is becoming common for ship's officers and pilots to attend special simulator courses to learn the handling of new ships or the navigation of particular channels. A simulator can be defined as any likeness of an object or objects, thus a simple drawing of a ship's bridge is a form of simulation, as is a function diagram or a small-scale model; full-scale models or ‘mock-ups’ are more advanced types of simulator. However a simulator is more commonly taken to be a more complicated set of full-scale models in combination with small-scale models, which usually have the ability to respond to different manœuvring actions with changes in the instruments or the surroundings.
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