Abstract
The landscape visual effect of a city, which is generated by its long-term development, is an important index in city planning. In this study, we build a quantitative evaluation and remote sensing estimation scheme of landscape visual effect. The study contains two main steps. First, utilizing the Elo rating system and in situ sampled panoramic pictures, the quantitative assessment of the city landscape visual effect was carried out. Then, the landscape visual effect estimation model was built and applied to Landsat remote sensing image to generate the spatial distribution of landscape visual effect in Zhengzhou city, 2017. At last, the effect of different combination of land use and elevation to the landscape visual effect was discussed. The results showed the following: (1) the Elo rating system is an effective method to quantitatively evaluate the city landscape visual effect; (2) the landscape visual effect remote sensing estimation model had a good performance, with the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the model are less than 0.05 and 80, respectively; (3) the landscape visual effect score of Zhengzhou city, 2017, was high in the southwest and low in the northeast; (4) different land use situation and average surface elevation had a complex influence on the landscape visual effect.
Highlights
Based on the asassumption that theinvisual effect of a to specific is comprehensively affected by its sumption that the visualthe effect ofuse a specific point is comprehensively affected by its surrounding landscape, land map and within a certain visual range of surthe rounding point landscape, the land useestimation map and DSM
Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the error between the landscape visual effect score estimated by the model and the image rating results
The questionnaire results were randomly arranged, and the quantitative scores were obtained by the Elo rating system
Summary
The urban landscape is formed by the mutual combination and influence of landscape materials [1]. Zhang [6] postulated that the urban contour is affected by nine factors, namely, the rhythm, identification, and fluctuation of the contour, the material, facade, and shape of architectural form, and the hierarchy, patch, and color of visual perception Another popular way of evaluating visual effect is using surveys to find the connection between the substantive attribute of urban landscape space and the mass response [3]. Quantitative research is mainly based on the assessment indicator systems that been proposed by experts and scholars [7,8,9,10,11,12] These studies have solid theoretical foundations, yet they are difficult to localize.
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