Abstract
In many tropical countries with agriculture as the mainstay of the economy, tropical crops are commonly cultivated at the plantation scale. The successful establishment of crop plantations depends on the availability of a large quantity of elite seedling plants. Many plantation companies establish plant tissue culture laboratories to supply planting materials for their plantations and one of the most common applications of plant tissue culture is the mass propagation of true-to-type elite seedlings. However, problems encountered in tissue culture technology prevent its applications being widely adopted. Proteomics can be a powerful tool for use in the analysis of cultures, and to understand the biological processes that takes place at the cellular and molecular levels in order to address these problems. This mini review presents the tissue culture technologies commonly used in the propagation of tropical crops. It provides an outline of some the genes and proteins isolated that are associated with somatic embryogenesis and the use of proteomic technology in analysing tissue culture samples and processes in tropical crops.
Highlights
It is anticipated that, by 2050, the population in the tropics will reach 50% of the world’s population [1]
We provide a glimpse of the use of proteomic technologies to address challenges faced in the tissue culture of tropical crops
The current progress in the field of proteomics provides a concrete platform to study the molecular changes occurring in somatic embryogenesis in plants. 2DE has been applied in somatic embryogenesis studies in carrot [48], cichorium [49], Vitis [50], Cupressus sempervirens [51], and Cyclamen persicum
Summary
By 2050, the population in the tropics will reach 50% of the world’s population [1]. Through in vitro clonal micropropagation, the maximum yield potential of the plant can be captured by mass multiplication of selected elite plants as planting materials This strategy has been practiced in the production of many tropical field crops, including oil palm [5], banana [6], pineapple [7], rubber [8], and tropical fruit trees [9]. The emergence of proteomic technology provides us with a powerful tool to investigate the proteins, which are the gene products that are directly associated with the phenotypic traits under study In this mini review, we provide a glimpse of the use of proteomic technologies to address challenges faced in the tissue culture of tropical crops
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