The use of propranolol for complicated infantile hemangiomas

Abstract

To assess propranolol efficacy and safety in complicated infantile hemangiomas in two different age groups. We report on 68 infants with infantile hemangiomas treated with oral propranolol at the lowest effective dose at different ages for a period of sixmonths. Inclusion criteria were life-threatening hemangiomas, function-threatening hemangiomas, facial hemangiomas with risk for disfigurement, and extensive and ulcerated hemangiomas. A previously designed safety protocol was applied to all patients. The evolution of all hemangiomas since baseline (pre-therapy) until the end of follow-up was assessed on the basis of clinical features (color, palpable softening, size, and volume) and taken at follow-up visits. Our results showed that propranolol was effective in arresting the proliferative phase and in accelerating the involution of infantile hemangiomas in 92.6% of cases. Propranolol efficacy was clear even when it was started after 12months of life at low dose; after discontinuation of therapy there was a moderate-to-severe regrowth in 9.3% of cases and a mild regrowth in 22.5%. No adverse events were observed. Propranolol should be used as first-line medical treatment in all cases of complicated infantile hemangiomas.