The use of oral contraceptive is inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged women

Abstract

Objective To assess the cross-sectional association between oral contraceptive (OC) use and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk among US women. Methods The data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2007–2018). OC use was assessed by questionnaires and the diagnosis of T2DM was confirmed by the glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, and self-report. Binary logistic regression models and the restricted cubic spline model were adopted to evaluate whether OC use was associated with T2DM. Results Compared with non-users, the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2DM risk for the OC users was 0.71 (0.57–0.89) in unadjusted Model. The association remained significant in fully adjusted models, and the OR with 95%CI was 0.78 (0.62–0.99). In the stratified analyses, there was an inverse association of OC use with T2DM risk when women were overweight. Dose-response analysis also revealed an inversely nonlinear relationship between the duration of OC use and T2DM (p-value for linearity = .589). Conclusions Our findings suggested that OC use may be inversely associated with T2DM risk.