Abstract
In the recirculation aquaponic system (RAS), fish farming waste was utilized as a nutrient for plant, minimizing the water need, reducing the waste disposal into the environment, and producing the fish and plant as well. The study aimed to examine the growth of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia) in aquaponic system without the addition of artificial nutrient. The nutrient relies solely on wastewater of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivation circulated continuously on the aquaponic system. The results showed that tilapia weight reached 48.49 ± 3.92 g of T3 (tilapia, romaine lettuce, and inoculated bacteria), followed by T2 (tilapia and romaine lettuce) and T1 (tilapia) of 47.80 ± 1.97 and 45.89 ± 1.10 g after 35 days of experiment. Tilapia best performance in terms of growth and production occurred at T3 of 3.96 ± 0.44 g/day, 12.10 ± 0.63 %/day, 96.11 ± 1.44 % and 1.60 ± 0.07 for GR, SGR, SR, and FCR, respectively. It is also indicated by better water quality characteristic in this treatment. Romaine lettuce harvests of T2 and T3 showed no significant difference, with the final weight of 61.87 ± 5.59 and 57.74 ± 4.35 g. Overall, the integration of tilapia fish farming and romaine lettuce is potentially a promising aquaponic system for sustainable fish and horticulture plant production.
Highlights
Aquaculture has been a fast-growing industry because of significant increases in demand for fish and seafood throughout the world
Romaine lettuce growth in T2 and T3 was well recorded by color of fresh green leaves, and there were no signs of nutritional deficiency
Best growth of nile tilapia was shown by T3 in terms of feed conversion (FCR), proportional to better water quality in this treatment
Summary
Aquaculture has been a fast-growing industry because of significant increases in demand for fish and seafood throughout the world. It is growing more rapidly than any other segment of the animal culture industry (Qin et al 2005). Discharge from tank effluents in aquaculture contain dissolved nutrient such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), specific organic and inorganic compounds, and total suspended solids (TSS). These constituents originate primarily from uneaten feed and metabolic wastes from the fish (Seawright et al 1998; Piedrahita 2003; Sugiura et al 2006). NH3 causes decreasing growth due to reduced appetite and feed intake level
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