The use of mussels in estimating benzo(a)pyrene contamination of the marine environment.

Abstract

The possible use of mussels (Mytilus edulis and Mytilus californianus) in estimating the distribution of benzo(a)pyrene in coastal waters was investigated. Benzo(a)pyrene levels were measured in mussels collected in the vicinity of Vancouver and Vancouver Island. The results of the study point to a correlation between the level of benzo(a)pyrene in mussels and industrial, urban, and recreational activity, with power boating a significant entry under recreation. Apart from a general contamination of mussels toward and within the harbor area, there were numerous local hot spots such as wharfs, docks, and constructions utilizing pilings. It is not certain whether the creosote from pilings or petroleum pollution is the main contributor to the higher benzo(a)pyrene levels around marinas and wharfs. It is clear, however, that creosote is a major source of contamination of mussels located on pilings. The results obtained in this study do not support the earlier conclusion that large amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the marine environment originate by endogenous synthesis by marine flora. It is concluded that the level of benzo(a)pyrene in mussels, which are easy to collect and abound in the areas of greatest interest, may be used as a simple indicator for the degree of contaminationmore » of the marine environment by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.« less