Abstract
In the current study, the applicability of the Annandale method was verified based on the results of silting and sediment distribution measurements carried out in eight small reservoirs, with a capacity that does not exceed 5 million m3. It was found that the application of this method is possible only in the case of small reservoirs, in which the sediment load is deposited in the near-dam zone. The results of studies conducted on small reservoirs allowed the construction of a graph presenting the relationship of a sum of dimensionless sediment load volume as a function of relative distance from the dam, which became the modification of the graph in Annandale’s method. The proposed modification of Annandale’s method considers reservoirs with a length less than 1000 m and capacity-inflow ratio ranging from a few per mille to a percent.
Highlights
Sedimentation processes in reservoirs and lakes have been reported by many authors, includingMahmood [1], Hotchkiss and Parker [2], Fan and Morris [3], Sloff [4], De Cesare et al [5], among others
The slow silting rate of Wapienica reservoir (Table 3) is due to the small sediment yield load flowing into the reservoir
It can be observed that a small reservoir becomes silted up faster if the siltation rate reaches 20% over a dozen years of operation (Table 3), in contrast to large reservoirs that achieve that level over centuries [46,47,48,49]
Summary
Sedimentation processes in reservoirs and lakes have been reported by many authors, including. Sedimentation conditions can change when the muddy river water is heavier than the bottom water of the reservoir; it plunges just beyond the topset-foreset break to form a bottom turbidity current. This has been observed by many authors, e.g., Lane [10], Normark and Dickson [11], Lambert [12], Chikita [13] Fan and Morris [3]. Water reservoirs may be classified according to other criteria, such as: function and tasks, location (lowland and mountain), parameters (e.g., depth, shape of the reservoir), the course of silting process, or the socio-economic impact of possible disasters. The above examples of small reservoirs’ classification illustrate various criteria of their distinction due to the capacity
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