THE USE OF METHANOGENIC PLANTS BASED ON SOLID COMMUNAL WASTE IN LOW-RISE CONSTRUCTION

Abstract

The authors consider the main aspects of local utilization of waste of low-rise buildings by methane fermentation with the subsequent production of secondary energy resources. Currently, the generation of methane in artificial conditions is an intensively developing industry. Previously, the authors studied the experience of the regions of Russia in the disposal of solid domestic waste. It is revealed that the processing of solid municipal waste in bioreactors can be carried out with the joint fermentation of various wastes. This is also possible by adding existing accelerators for the methane fermentation reaction. The quantitative characteristics of waste generated on the territory of individual residential low-rise buildings have been studied. From the total volume to be disposed of, waste potentially suitable for the formation of the initial substrate was isolated. The main properties of raw materials for the necessary generation of bio methane have been determined. The specific methane yield during its constant generation has been calculated for various combinations of municipal waste of low-rise buildings. The paper presents a general concept of local processing of municipal solid waste and describes the scheme of the methane generating plant. The dimensions and technical characteristics of the installation for obtaining bio methane from waste at the place of their formation in residential buildings have been determined. In addition, the calculation of thermal energy produced on the base on generated methane was carried out. And it was found that the introduction of methane-generating plants in the technical systems of low-rise buildings allows to increase their energy efficiency, reduce the load on existing landfills of solid domestic waste and achieve maximum utilization of waste from residential areas.