Abstract
New requirements for water supply companies enforce the implementation of risk analysis and assessment methods on many levels of their operation. The approach recommended by the World Health Organization and the European Commission based on threats prevention from intake to water consumers is becoming more and more popular. The paper presents a three-parameter risk matrix that can be used for the implementation of Water Safety Plans. It was also proposed to use the grey systems theory, which allowed for the extension of the risk matrix analysis method. The grey systems theory makes it possible to make decisions in the lack of complete information. This may be of particular importance in the small water supply systems safety analysis where monitoring and management capabilities are limited. The developed method may constitute basis for procedures to ensure the water supply safety for water supply system operators, burdened with more and more obligations resulting from both national and European regulations.
Highlights
The affiliation of the water supply system (WSS) to the critical infrastructure requires from water supply companies to ensure the continuity of functioning and to quickly restore the state of efficiency in case of an undesirable event
In the perspective of a few years, all European water companies will be obliged to carry out a risk analysis covering all stages of water supply from the intake to the consumer under the Water Safety Plans (WSP) which have been developed by the World Health Organization (WHO)
This paper addresses the current standards for the safety of water intended for human consumption, developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) (WHO 2009) and is a new approach to risk analysis in water supply systems
Summary
The affiliation of the water supply system (WSS) to the critical infrastructure requires from water supply companies to ensure the continuity of functioning and to quickly restore the state of efficiency in case of an undesirable event. For the WSS, it is to protect consumers against consuming water of inadequate quality or lack of water supply, at present and in the future, as a result of escalation of undesirable events (domino effect). Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council of 1 February 2018 on the quality of water intended for human consumption informs that “(...) a risk-based approach should be progressively implemented by all water suppliers, including small entities”. Among other things, this provision caused that water supply companies increased their interest in methods of risk analysis and management as well as the possibilities resulting from their implementation
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