Abstract
Low dissolution rate of pharmaceutical agents with poor water-solubility limits their bioavailability after oral administration. These two parameters are pivotal when a fast onset of action required which could be the case for meloxicam (MLX), an anti-inflammatory and pain reliever compound. In the present study, the effects of various solvents and method of crystallization were investigated to modify the physicochemical properties and dissolution of MLX crystals. X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectrophotometry and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the crystalline characteristics of the particles. Dissolution, particle size, solubility, contact angle and morphology of crystals were also evaluated. It was found that the type of solvent and crystallization methods modified the shape of crystals from polyhedral irregular to prismatic particles. The results ruled out any polymorphic changes occurred during the processes for most samples. The dissolution rate of MLX was improved by recrystallization and the best dissolution performance was observed for crystals prepared by anti-solvent precipitation in the presence of acetone, ethanol, and propanol with a 2-3-fold increase in dissolution efficiency than that of the parent drug. This could be related to the decreased particle size, lower contact angle, improved wettability and crystalline modifications.
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