Abstract
Currently, the awareness and public concern in the authenticity of herbal medicines has increased significantly, therefore, analytical methods capable of detecting the adulteration practice must be available. The rhizomes of Curcuma species such as Curcuma longa and Curcuma xanthorriza are the target of adulteration due to its popularity as components in herbal medicine formulation. For the sake of quality control of herbal medicines, a rapid and reliable method must be developed for authentication studies. Molecular spectroscopy including UV-Vis, infrared (near and mid) and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, as well as chromatographic-based methods especially liquid chromatography, can be an ideal method for herbal authentication due to its simplicity, however, the spectra and chromatogram obtained are usually complex which are difficult to interpret. To overcome this obstacle, a statistical approach known as chemometrics was used to treat spectra data to be easily used for authentication purposes including discrimination and classification between authentic and adulterated herbal components. This review highlighted molecular spectroscopic method in combination with multivariate data analysis (chemometrics) for authentication of herbal components.
Highlights
Curcuma species especially Curcuma longa and Curcuma xanthorriza are one of the herbaceous perennial plants of the ginger family which is native to tropical South Asia, but it is widely cultivated in the subtropical and tropical regions
This interaction resulted in an electronic transition of samples, in which electrons are excited from the ground state into an excited state
In order to quantify the analyte(s) of interest contained in Curcuma species, the absorbance based on Lambert-Beer law is exploited according to the equation of: A = abc
Summary
Curcuma species especially Curcuma longa and Curcuma xanthorriza are one of the herbaceous perennial plants of the ginger family which is native to tropical South Asia, but it is widely cultivated in the subtropical and tropical regions. C. xanthorrhiza, known as Javanese turmeric or temulawak, is widely used as traditional plant medicine in Indonesia and other regions. High amounts of curcuminoid and xanthorrhizol present in C. xanthorrhiza possess a variety of biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticandidal,. Because of its high quality and high demand for product containing Curcuma species, it is very important to ensure the authenticity of C. longa and C. xanthorrhiza to avoid adulteration or substitution with other plant species. C. longa rhizome, especially the powder form is potential to be adulterated with other species of Curcuma (Remya, et al, 2004). Adulterated products of C. longa and C. xanthorrhiza usually have a low content of curcuminoids. The common potential adulterant of C. longa and C. xanthorrhiza is Curcuma manga. One of the methods currently used for authentication of Curcuma species is molecular spectroscopy
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