The Use of Cadaveric Skin Allografts in the Management of Extensive Wounds

Abstract

Skin grafting is a major element in the management of extensive wounds. Although the permanent closure of extensive wounds using autologous skin grafts is the gold standard, this scenario is rarely feasible due to the limited availability of autograft skin in these patients. Hence, biological or synthetic skin substitutes are necessary for the temporary coverage of massive wounds. Among these, cadaveric skin allografts remain the first choice due to their numerous advantages. They reduce the loss of water, proteins and electrolytes, improve thermoregulation, reduce pain and lower the risk of wound infection. Furthermore, they improve subsequent autograft take by stimulating epithelization and preparing the wound bed. Prompt excision of massive burn wounds and temporary coverage with allograft skin significantly reduces mortality and shortens hospitalization.<br/> Future research must address the current disadvantages associated with the use of allograft skin, mainly the limited availability, high antigenicity, risk of infection transmission, as well as optimization of the processing and storage techniques.