Abstract
Electricity is one of the main inputs used in poultry production. An aviary needs electricity to feed the various motors and electrical devices that compose the lighting systems, exhaustion, heating, food, among others. Aiming to give incentives to producers of broiler chickens, specifically in the state of Paraná, Brazil, in 2007, the Night Poultry Program was implemented, in which the government grants discounts in electricity tariff for poultry farmers at night. In this work it was proposed two energy storage systems through the use of lead-acid batteries and batteries of nickel chloride and sodium to feed the of charge of four brazillian aviaries over one year of poultry housing. For this purpose, it was evalueted the use of a bank of batteries in higher tariff, period comprising the time of 9:30 pm to 6 am of the next day, and charging the battery bank in reduced tariff period. The experiment was conducted using the electricity meters installed in the aviaries, weekly data of each aviary were collected and the active energy values, obtaining the data for six lots corresponding to a year of poultry accommodation. From the total consumption of active energy, it was calculated the average daily electricity consumption (kWh) for the set of aviaries. This value was used as input for the sizing of the battery banks. The two proposed storage systems demonstrate an alternative to energy supply for the rural areas, however the economical analysys indicates inviability, since the initial investment of the banks of batteries is high compared with the costs avoided with electricity by using these systems.
Highlights
According to the Associação Brasileira dos Produtores e Exportadores de Frangos (2014), in 2013 Brazil was ranked the third place in the world chicken meat production, behind only the United States and China
It is known that poultry production requires the use of electricity to supply the power necessary for the operation and maintenance of aviaries, once many engines and electrical devices are used for the operation of exhaustion systems, cooling, heating, misting, food, lighting, among others that compose the poultry breeding of broiler chickens
It is observed that for the set of four aviaries of the property over one year of poultry housing, on average, 72% of the total consumption of active energy occurred during the time when the electricity tariff is R$ 0.174/kWh and 28% during the time when the electricity tariff is R$ 0.07/kWh
Summary
According to the Associação Brasileira dos Produtores e Exportadores de Frangos (2014), in 2013 Brazil was ranked the third place in the world chicken meat production, behind only the United States and China. As for exports, Brazil has, since 2004, the world's largest exporter position, ending 2013 with approximately 3.9 million tons shipped to over one hundred and fifty countries It is remarkable the importance of this segment in Brazil, especially when there is the presence of a large number of producers within the country, highlighting the states in the South, Southeast and Midwest. In this context, the state of Paraná represented 29.35% of chicken slaughter carried out in the country in 2013, occupying the position of the largest chicken exporter state of the country. According to Calixto and Oliveira (2012), the energy expenses account for approximately 10% of the broilers production costs
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