The use of antipsychotics in targeted therapy of schizophrenia — prospects and challenges (for example, amisulpride).

Abstract

Personalized medicine is an innovative approach that takes into account the biological, social and psychological characteristics of people in the development of preventive drugs and treatment of diseases. The goals of personalized medicine in psychiatry are to anticipate a person’s susceptibility to disease, achieve accurate diagnosis, and facilitate a favorable response to treatment. This article analyzes the information presented in the literature on use of antipsychotics in treatment of schizophrenia from the standpoint of personalized medicine with the aim to draw up recommendations for improving the effectiveness of psychotic symptoms therapy and set the vector for further scientific research in this direction. Despite the existence of many international and local guidelines and protocols for antipsychotic therapy, there is still the problem of early determination of which antipsychotic will be effective and safe for a particular patient — before the most effective drug is determined, patients are usually treated with various antipsychotics. In the treatment of schizophrenia, no antipsychotic drug or dosage is universal. Therefore, to maximize the useful effect and minimize the risk of side effects, numerous individual characteristics of each individual user must be considered. In particular, such characteristics as sex, age, clinical features (dominant symptoms, time of onset of symptoms and their intensity), comorbid mental and somatic disorders, presence/absence of bad habits, response to previous therapy (in case of such) should be taken into account. Given the possibility of flexible dosage of amisulpride and its significant effectiveness in reducing various groups of symptoms in various categories of patients, it has the potential for widespread use in personalized psychiatry. Key words personalized medicine, atypical antipsychotics, effectiveness of therapy