THE USE OF ANTEGRADE ENDOBILIARY INTERVENTIONS IN BENIGN DISEASES OF THE BILIARY TRACT COMPLICATED BY MECHANICAL JAUNDICE

Abstract

Introduction. One of the most common manifestations of diseases of the biliary tract are strictures or stenoses. They can have malignant, inflammatory and traumatic etiology, as well as be accompanied by mechanical jaundice syndrome.
 Aim. To study the results of the use of antegrade endobiliary interventions in benign diseases of the biliary tract complicated by mechanical jaundice.
 Materials and methods. An analysis of surgical treatment of 34 patients with benign diseases of the biliary tract complicated by mechanical jaundice (MJ) in the SI “V.T. Zatsev IGUS NAMSU». Choledocholithiasis was the cause of MF in 21 (61.8 %) cases, stricture of the LV in 6 (17.6 %) and stricture of the biliodigestive anastomosis (BDA) in 7 (20.6 %) patients. BDA strictures developed after the following operations: biliobiliostomy — 1 (14.3 %), hepaticojejunostomy — 3 (42.9 %), choledochoduodenoanastomosis — 2 (28.5 %) and hepaticoduodenostomy — 1 (14.3 %) %).
 Research results. External percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage was performed in 7 (46.7 %) patients, external-internal percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage was performed in 6 (40 %), percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy was performed in 2 (13.4 %) patients. With slightly dilated intrahepatic ducts (<5 mm) cholangiodrainage was established in 3 (20 %) patients. Of these, in 3 (20.0 %) cases, a separate percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage of the right and left lobular ducts of the liver was performed. Performing percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage allows to determine the level and nature of biliary block in a minimally invasive way, to perform biliary decompression and prevention of complications after an unsuccessful attempt at endoscopic treatment.
 Conclusions. By using antegrade endobiliary interventions, we were able to reduce the risk of biliary decompression complications compared with patients who had unsuccessful attempts at endoscopic treatment from 15 (78.9 %) to 1 (6.67 %), and to reduce the number of complications after reconstructive rehabilitation. operations from 10 (52.6 %) to 1 (6.67 %) and the mortality rate from 2 (10.5 %) to 1 (6.67 %).