Abstract
The aims of this study were to obtain preliminary data and test the clinical efficacy of a novel nonporous dense-polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE) membrane (permamem®, botiss) in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) procedures with a flapless approach. A traumatic extraction was performed in the premolar maxillary area, and a d-PTFE membrane was used to seal the alveolar cavity: no biomaterial was used to graft the socket and the membrane was left intentionally exposed and stabilized with sutures. The membrane was removed after four weeks and dental implants were placed four months after the procedure. The primary outcome variables were defined as the dimensional changes in the ridge width and height after four months. A total of 15 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean width of the alveolar cavity was 8.9 ± 1.1 mm immediately after tooth extraction, while four months later a mean reduction of 1.75 mm was experienced. A mean vertical reduction of 0.9 ± 0.42 mm on the buccal aspect and 0.6 ± 0.23 mm on the palatal aspect were recorded at implant placement. Within the limitations of this study, the d-PTFE membrane proved to be effective in alveolar ridge preservation, with the outcomes of the regeneration not affected by the complete exposure of this biomaterial.
Highlights
The alveolar process is a tooth-dependent structure [1,2]; dimensional and morphologic alterations occur after the extraction, with significant bone remodeling within the first six months [3,4,5].The bone reabsorption pattern is widely influenced by tooth site, with volumetric changes occurring more severely in the anterior sector [6,7,8]
[39,40,41], non-absorbable membranes have proven to be effective in alveolar ridge preservation procedures, even with no biomaterial filling in the sockets
According to Laurito etprocedures, al. [41], bacterial contamination was not observed in the internal surface
Summary
The alveolar process is a tooth-dependent structure [1,2]; dimensional and morphologic alterations occur after the extraction, with significant bone remodeling within the first six months [3,4,5].The bone reabsorption pattern is widely influenced by tooth site, with volumetric changes occurring more severely in the anterior sector [6,7,8]. The alveolar process is a tooth-dependent structure [1,2]; dimensional and morphologic alterations occur after the extraction, with significant bone remodeling within the first six months [3,4,5]. According to Chappuis et al [9], the facial bone wall thickness is the main factor affecting bone remodeling in incisors and premolars in the upper maxilla, with a vertical bone reduction up to 7.5 mm. These three-dimensional alterations may affect the outcomes of future implant supported restorations, leading to aesthetic compromises [10,11]. A significant reduction in the keratinized mucosa width (KMW) can be observed after tooth extraction [12,13], with the possible need to perform additional soft tissue augmentation procedures [14], due to the positive role of KMW >2 mm in promoting peri-implant health [15,16,17] and preventing implant-biologic complications [18,19].
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