Abstract
A surface phase oxide, containing niobia (Nb 2O 5) deposited onto silica (SiO 2), was prepared as a catalyst support for nickel. The niobia concentration was varied to give an equivalent surface coverage of one to three monolayers. Physical characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and analytical transmission microscopy indicated that the niobia overlayer distributed quite uniformly over the silica substrate during preparation. When these samples were heated at 873 K for 2 h or longer, the deposited niobia phase in the two- and three-monolayer supports sintered into niobia crystallites as detected by XRD, but the one-monolayer support remained stable. As a catalyst support for nickel, this one-monolayer system exhibited chemical behavior characteristic of strong metal-support interaction as shown by hydrogen chemisorption, ethane hydrogenolysis, and carbon monoxide hydrogenation. Under comparable conditions, the extent of interaction is weaker for the niobia-silica surface phase oxide than for bulk niobia. In the limit of the most severe reduction treatment used, this difference in support behavior is attributed to the inability of the surface phase oxide for compound formation.
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