The use of a Daphnia magna bioassay for rapid screening of acute intoxications with insecticides in dogs and cats.

Abstract

Sudden death due to acute insecticide intoxications occurs frequently in dogs and cats. The absence of characteristic lesions at autopsy often renders post-mortem diagnosis dependent on the analysis of samples taken from the carcase at autopsy. In the present study, a bioassay utilizing Daphnia magna was proposed and tested as a rapid screening method for acute intoxications in dogs and cats. The bioassay was shown to be highly sensitive for detecting carbamate and organophosphate insecticides in the stomach contents. Generally. the mean survival time of the waterfleas in the control group was 5.17 h (SD = 1.24) and in the intoxicated group 1.32 h (SD = 1.49). during a 6 h observation period. If a cut-off is set at 4 h, this Daphnia bioassay gave 5.5% false negative results and 18.2% false positive results. using the results of toxicological analyses as a gold standard.