Abstract
Green extraction process is a method which is used to obtain various plant extracts with minimum impact on the environment. Green extraction will reduce energy consumption, allow use of alternative solvents and renewable natural products, and ensure a safe and high quality extract. Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) is one of green extraction method. UAEE is a mild, efficient and environmental friendly extraction method and it has been adopted for extracting various kinds of compounds. The use of enzyme will catalyze hydrolysis of the cytoderm and glycoproteins, therefore enhancing the release of bioactive substances by disrupting plant cells. The optimum extraction conditions with a maximum yield extract of 48.63% are as follows: the concentration of ethanol is 50% and the amount of added enzyme is 70 mg/g. Crude extract from keji beling leaves is tested using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify components that have anti-hypercholesterolemic activity, which are hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and demethyl squalene.
Highlights
Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction (UAEE) method is a new extraction technology that has many advantages such as increasing the extraction yield and physiological activity of extracts of various plants [1]
The destruction of the plant cell wall causes the easy extraction of active compounds that improve the yield of extraction of the active compound [3]
It can be seen that pretreatment process or enzymatic hydrolysis is a very important stage of the process which may affect the acquisition of extraction yield
Summary
Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction (UAEE) method is a new extraction technology that has many advantages such as increasing the extraction yield and physiological activity of extracts of various plants [1]. The use of enzymes in UAEE may increase the effect of pre-treatment solvent and minimize the amount of solvent required for the extraction, reduces extraction time and improve the yield of the compound to be extracted [2]. The enzyme is used to degrade the cell walls of plants and increases the permeability of cell walls. The destruction of the plant cell wall causes the easy extraction of active compounds that improve the yield of extraction of the active compound [3]. Hypercholesterolemia is a condition of increasing the concentration of cholesterol in the blood that exceeds normal value. One of the compounds that can inhibit the intestinal absorption of cholesterol to lower blood cholesterol levels in humans is phytosterols [5]
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