Abstract

본 논문은 세계무역환경의 변화와 미국의 보호무역주의 정책에 따른 문제점과 시사점을 도출 하여 한국기업들에게 정책적 시사점을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 최근 미국의 보호 주의적인 통상규제정책에 대하여 문제점을 이론적으로 분석하고, 이에 대한 실무적 대응방안을 제시하였다. 미국은 국가안전보장과 국가경제를 중시하는 통상정책, 미국경제의 강화, 미국에 이익이 되는 통상협정의 체결, 미국통상법의 공격적인 집행, 다국간 통상시스템의 개혁 등을 목표로 통상 전략을 새롭게 추진하고 있으며, 이를 위해 NAFTA재협상과 중국에 대한 통상정책을 강화하고 있다. 또한 반덤핑법, 상계관세, 긴급수입제한조치, 무역기술장벽(TBT)과 미국의 국내법인 미통 상법 301조, 1962년 통상확대법 232조를 역외 적용하여 통상규제정책을 강화하고 있다. 결론적으로 미국의 보호주의적 통상규제정책은 장기간 계속되고 있으며, 갈수록 강화되고 있으므로 부당한 통상규제정책에 대해서는 WTO분쟁해결절차에 제소하는 등 적극적인 통상정책을 추진하여야 하며, WTO회원국들과 공조체제를 구축하여 공동으로 대응하여야 할 것이다.Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine how world trade environment has changed and draw problems and implications related to the US policy on protectionism and also provide political implications for Korean companies. Research design, data, methodology : This author has analyzed problems found in the US’ latest protectionist trade policy theoretically and suggested how to cope with them practically here. Results : The US is promoting new trade strategies with its goals to obtain national security, practice trade policy valuing state economy, enhance the US economy, conclude trade agreements beneficial to the US, enforce its trade act aggressively, and also reform multilateral trade systems, and to realize this, it is conducting NAFTA renegotiations and reinforcing its trade policy towards China. In addition, it is strengthening its trade policy by applying Anti-dumping duties, Countervailing duties, Safeguards, Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT), and also the parts of the US’ domestic laws such as Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 and Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to other countries, too. Conclusions : The US’ protectionist trade policy has continued for a long period and is becoming solidified with the lapse of time; therefore, trade policy should be promoted actively by doing such things as sending trade policy that is unfair to WTO Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes, and also, it is necessary to build up cooperative systems with WTO member countries and cope with them together.

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