Abstract
The regional autonomy positively impacts regional development in terms of competitiveness. Each area tries to have advantage from other areas. One of the parameters of city competitiveness is the concept of sustainable cities. This study aims to identify cities based on sustainable urban development indices in six urban agglomeration area of Semarang: Semarang city, Semarang regency, Kendal regency, Grobogan regency, Demak regency and Salatiga city. Methods of data collection with questionnaires, interviews and documentation. Respondents in this study were the general public, policy makers, and academics. The results showed, based on the sustainable urban development index of the Sustainable Urban Development Indonesia Forum, six districts in urban agglomeration area of Semarang are categorized as less sustainable in 2016. The regencies in the urban agglomeration areas of Semarang indicate the index result of 103,00 - 127,83. The average contribution of the urban leadership, the urban governance, the urbanization and population, the housing and settlements variables are high, while the disaster risk and the climate change, the waterfront areas, the mass transportation, the local economy and informal sector, the preservation of cultural Heritage, the natural heritage and the local Wisdom, the green Open Spaces, the emissions and energy variable are still low.
Highlights
The urban growth exceeding the capacity of urban areas will cause various problems in economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental fields
The urban growth negatively affects the environment. This conclusion is in line with the results of research the impact of mining development and urban infrastructure on environmental ecosystems (Xu, et al, 2016), the impact of urban growth on biodiversity(Zeng, et al, 2016),(Coles, et al, 2010), (McCarthy, et al, 2010),the impact of urban growth on the climate change(Ahmad & Choi, 2010),the social equity and environmental conditions have been marginalizedby the rapid economic development(Fan & Qi, 2010), the satisfication with neightborhood attribtes decreases with increasing urbanization (Oleyar, et al, 2008), (Jiang & Hardee, 2009),and (Zheng, et al, 2010)
Other consideration is that this area or better known as Kedungsapur is one of the leading areas in Central Java Province that may contribute to encourage the economic growth for the area itself and its surroundings.This study aims to identify cities based on sustainable urban development indices in six urban areas of urban agglomeration in Indonesia: Semarang city, Semarang regency, Kendal regency, Grobogan regency, Demak regency and Salatiga city
Summary
The urban growth exceeding the capacity of urban areas will cause various problems in economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental fields. Development that pays attention to the long-term interests, which is often called the sustainable development, must fulfill the economic, social, and environmental aspects. One of its key principles is that sustainability should promote understanding and foster the integration of the complex interconnections that exist between the environment, economy and society (Grafakos , et al, 2016). These three variables must be synergistic, but in reality in many countries economic and social development is superior to the environment. The results of research of the economic conditions are negatively and significantly associated with the environmental index, which means that there is a tradeoff between the environment and economy.
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