Abstract
Ubiquitous computing is a research field that started in the late 1980s, and is now believed to be at the brink of a steep acceleration in terms of technology development and applications. Ubiquitous computing is often regarded as the third wave of computing, after a first wave of mainframe computing and a second wave of PC computing. It aims at supporting humans in their daily life activities in a personal, unattended and remote manner. Towards this end, it scatters computing capacity across the environment, and takes out the oblique PC man-machine interface. Instead it employs networked sensors and devices surrounding us. There is no dedication in the sense that many devices in an environment collectively serve multiple humans around. Both humans and devices are assumed to be nomadic, and possibly enter or leave the environment. In addition, to materialize a personal and context-dependent interaction, identification and context awareness are also key factors. Although the vision itself has become fairly well-conceived, several technological and non-technological problems are yet to be overcome. This paper provides a comprehensive overview and a critical survey of the current and future state of ubiquitous technologies. © 2010 Journal of Mechanical Engineering.
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