The United States-Italy Air Transport Arbitration: Problems of Treaty Interpretation and Enforcement

Abstract

The 1946 Bermuda Agreement is the major model for the United States bilateral air transport agreements. The Chicago Convention of 1944 had failed to provide traffic rights for scheduled air carriers because the United States and the United Kingdom disagreed over economic regulation of international air transport. The agreement which these competitors made two years later at Bermuda rivaled the Chicago Convention in importance because its compromise formula became the key to the later bilateral air transport agreements upon which is based the existence of all international scheduled air transport.