Abstract
There is a growing bulk of studies on global climate changes and conflicts. It has been argued that climate change may be a triggering factor to conflicts and wars, especially in societies with poor governance. This study explores the climate-security nexus in Africa. It is argued that the global climate change provides profound state and human security challenges to African governments and people. Scarcity of vital resources in food, water, sanitation and health has challenged political and economic structures, infrastructure and integration. This has also been due to poorly governed states with authoritarianism, corruption, ethnic divisions and fragile, dysfunctional institutions. The war in Darfur is a tragic, but illustrative example of the climate change-security nexus of our time.
Highlights
In 2019, the United Nations (UN) declared that the world was to end the warmest decade (2010– 2019) ever recorded
The growing bulk of studies on global climate change and conflicts has provided mixed results on explanatory factors to violence in African societies
While some scholars have stressed that climate change has been the most important explanatory factor for war, other scholars have rather argued that political and economic challenges are primary reasons for political instability and conflicts
Summary
In 2019, the United Nations (UN) declared that the world was to end the warmest decade (2010– 2019) ever recorded. Goal 13 focuses on climate action and its impact on humanity It stresses how an increasing global temperature erupts in wildfires, hurricanes, droughts, rising sea levels and floods affecting countries all over the world and foremost developing societies. It acknowledges how climate change may promote conflict. This study explores the climate-security nexus in the most challenged African states and sets out links between climate change, insecurity and fragile and weakened states in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is argued how climate change and political fragility is a dangerous combination for state and human security, which is highlighted by a case-study analysis on the developments in Darfur
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