Abstract
CO2-angiography in endovascular aortic repair (CO2-EVAR) has been proposed for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), especially in patients with chronic kidney disease and/or allergy to iodinated contrast medium (ICM). Issues regarding the standardization of the technique, such as visualization of the lowest renal artery (LoRA) and the best quality image in angiographies performed from pigtail or introducer-sheath, are still unsolved. The aim of the study was to analyze different steps of CO2-EVAR, to create an operative protocol to standardize the procedure.
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