Abstract

This article discusses the place of armour in Romanian doctrine, examines the development of the Romanian armoured forces in the interwar period, analyses the performance of Romanian armour in the first year of war against Russia and reveals the factors that affected this performance. The Romanian Armoured Division was the only Axis armoured formation in the southern quarter of the front between the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea in the first stages of Operation ‘Barbarossa ‘. The secondary role of armour in Romanian interwar doctrine resulted in the low level of the personnel's professionalism and the lack of expertise in armour employment among Romanian senior commanders, which led to the virtual destruction of the division within two months of the beginning of the campaign.

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