Abstract
Tyrosinase exists universally in organisms and is a characteristic enzyme of melanocytes. Tyrosinase family genes in vertebrates consist of 3 related members; tyrosinase (TYR, Tyr), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1, Tyrp1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2, Tyrp2, Dct). These proteins catalyze melanin biosynthesis in pigment cells and play important roles in determining vertebrate coloration. Transcription of the TYR and TRP genes is useful for studying neural crest and optic vesicle cell migration and differentiation during embryogenesis and important in pigment rescue in fish. In this paper, the structure of gene and protein molecular evolution, function and roles of the TYR family in fish were reviewed.
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