Abstract
The archaeological details are described of a 3,400-foot tunnel planned 2,500 years ago to supply water to a fortified city. The design of the tunnel was dictated by the topography. The course of the tunnel which is marked by many inspection shafts opening to the surface, has a passage high and wide enough for a man to walk through. The conduit which is nearly 2,800 feet along has a crooked route and runs beneath three streams. The south portion of the tunnel which is in a nearly perfect state of preservation, reveals an underground conduit into the city which leaves the east side of the tunnel about 100 feet from the south entrance. Details are described of the spectacular south portion, the the sides of which are built of large blocks joined without mortar, and have a gabled roof formed of two huge blocks leaning against each other at an angle. The hewing of the tunnel and walls of the channel, the plan for the flow of water, the evidence that tunneling proceeded from both ends, and the laying out and maintaining of the direction and slope are aspects discussed in detail.
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