Abstract
Nowadays, most land use projects disregard the impact of their decisions on the biosphere. However, they often directly affect the biodiversity and lead to environmental degradation. Considering this issue, we first select indexes from four dimensions: provisioning, regulating, supporting and culture, and establish a static ecosystem services valuation (SESV) model using equivalent factor method. Then, introducing dynamic adjustment coefficient and current discount rate, we construct a dynamic ecosystem services valuation (DESV) model, which is used to put a value on the environmental cost of land use projects. Moreover, we use entropy method to calculate the weights of the economic benefit indexes we choose and establish an economic benefit (EB) model to determine project benefit. After that, we select Canglong District Development Project in Wuhan and Three Gorges Project in China as a small community-based project and a large national project respectively to perform a cost benefit analysis using the models. As the results, compared to small-scale project, large-scale project can greatly increase the economic benefit, but at the same time, it notably increases the environmental degradation cost. Effectiveness analysis proves that the results are effective and reliable.
Highlights
Ecosystem services means that the biosphere provides many natural processes to maintain a healthy and sustainable environment for human life
We firstly propose a dynamic ecosystem services valuation model based on the static one using equivalent factor method in order to evaluate the environmental cost of land use development projects
According to the ecosystem service classification proposed by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) and the ecosystem services equivalent value per unit area extracted by Xie Gaodi et al (2015), the ecosystem services are divided into four categories: Provisioning Service, Regulating Service, Supporting Service and Cultural Service
Summary
Ecosystem services means that the biosphere provides many natural processes to maintain a healthy and sustainable environment for human life. It is essential to assess the ecological services value, which contributes to analyzing the cost of environmental degradation, and account it for the cost benefit ratio of the land use project. This can determine the true and comprehensive valuation of the project and help to protect the environment to some extent. Based on its reliable results and questionnaires filled by 200 ecologists in China, Xie Gaodi et al (2003) improve the evaluation system of ecosystem services value by equivalent factor method, which means to construct equivalence value of various service functions of different land use types and assess them in combination with the area of land use. Based on the NDVI data of GIMMS remote sensing images and land use type in China mas.ccsenet.org
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