The tripartite model of relational efficacy beliefs in sport: a scoping review

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis scoping review is focused on sport research activity stemming from Lent and Lopez’s (2002), tripartite relational efficacy model. The purpose was to (1) summarize the research findings with reference to the original model and (2) identify areas that the model has been extended. Searches of online databases and key journals identified 30 sport-focused studies for full review. Lent and Lopez’s original theorizing was tested in sport research relative to identification of specific sources and outcomes, concordant/disconcordant profiles of relational efficacy beliefs, and asymmetric influence. Sport research also contributed to extending the tripartite model in terms of additional efficacy constructs and team-focused beliefs and outcomes. Based on the findings of this review, three recommendations for conceptual refinement are discussed. These recommendations are to; include personal, partner, and relationship factors as sources and outcomes for all efficacy beliefs; provide a greater emphasis on role in the relationship as a moderator of the sources and outcomes of all efficacy beliefs; and incorporate collective efficacy and associated group-level sources and outcomes into the tripartite model. Building on the first- and second-generation research employed in 90% of the studies, future third-generation research will better inform understanding of social influences on athlete well-being and performance.