Abstract
Material collected between 2010 and 2014 on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Bali, Sumba, Sumbawa, Sulawesi, and Seram unveiled the enormous diversity of Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in this country. Five species were reported from Indonesia previously (L. fulmeki (Ulmer), L. obscurum (Ulmer), L. necopinatum (Müller-Liebenau), L. ulmeri (Müller-Liebenau), and L. boettgeri (Ulmer)); all were described from adults only and no species were previously known at larval stage. We identified 18 new species by integrative taxonomy using genetic distance (COI, Kimura-2-parameter) and morphology, and they are described and illustrated based on their larvae. Another species, L. multus (Müller-Liebenau) from Malaysia, was also found in Indonesia, increasing the total number of species in Indonesia to 24. Seven morpho-groups of species are proposed based on morphological characters and a key to the larvae of all species from Indonesia and adjacent countries is provided. The total number of Labiobaetis species worldwide is augmented to 123. The examination of the new species allowed us to slightly modify the generic attributes of the larvae. The interspecific K2P distances are usually between 11% and 24%, the intraspecific distances are usually between 0% and 3%. The remarkable richness of the genus in Indonesia is discussed.
Highlights
The family Baetidae has the highest species diversity among mayflies, comprising 1,070 species in 110 genera (Sartori and Brittain 2015, Jacobus et al 2019), which is approximately one quarter of all mayfly species worldwide (Gattolliat and Nieto 2009, Jacobus et al 2019)
The status and validity of the genus has long been a subject of controversy, but today Labiobaetis is widely accepted as a valid genus (Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty 1997, Lugo-Ortiz et al 1999, Gattolliat 2001, Fujitani et al 2003, Fujitani 2008, McCafferty et al 2010, Gattolliat and Staniczek 2011, Kluge and Novikova 2011, 2014, 2016, Kluge 2012, Webb 2013, Kubendran et al 2014, 2015, Shi and Tong 2014)
We describe 18 new species of Labiobaetis based on larvae collected at different locations in Indonesia (Sumatra, Bali, Sumba, Sumbawa, Sulawesi, Seram; Fig. 53a) between 2010 and 2014; adults were not collected
Summary
The family Baetidae has the highest species diversity among mayflies, comprising 1,070 species in 110 genera (Sartori and Brittain 2015, Jacobus et al 2019), which is approximately one quarter of all mayfly species worldwide (Gattolliat and Nieto 2009, Jacobus et al 2019). They have a cosmopolitan distribution with the exception of Antarctica and New Zealand. Molecular reconstructions indicated that the concept of Labiobaetis is probably at least diphyletic (Monaghan et al 2005, Gattolliat et al 2008)
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