The treatment of infantile spasms by child neurologists.

Abstract

Infantile spasms is a refractory seizure disorder for which a number of different treatment regimens are available. No information is available on which treatment regimens are most widely used and which would be of practical importance in designing clinical trials to determine efficacy of new treatments. We proceeded to gather data on the most commonly employed methods of treating infantile spasms. A survey was mailed in 1991 to all junior, active, and emeritus members of the Child Neurology Society asking details about the treatment of infantile spasms. Telephone follow-up on a random sample of nonresponders was made. The total response rate was 58.3%. Most respondents who treat infantile spasms use corticotropin (ACTH) as their drug of first choice (88%). The most frequently used dosage was 40 IU per day, and the most frequent duration of treatment was 1 to 2 months. The most frequently reported side effects of ACTH or oral corticosteroid treatment were cushingism, behavior changes or irritability, hypertension, topical infections, and systemic infections. Of those not using ACTH, valproic acid was the next most commonly employed agent, followed by oral corticosteroids. The results were similar for all respondents regardless of age, sex, type of practice, number of cases of infantile spasms seen, location (United States or abroad) or whether the survey was completed by mail or telephone. These data suggest that there is a relative uniformity among child neurologists in the management of infantile spasms despite the publication of many alternative treatment strategies.