Abstract
More than 120 cannabinoids were isolated from Cannabis sativa. In particular, Cannabidiol (CBD) and Cannabigerol (CBG) represent the two most studied non-psychoactive cannabinoids. However, CBG is less studied and less data are available on its biological properties and influence on synaptic transmission. On the contrary, CBD is already known to modulate brain excitatory glutamate, inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine neurotransmission. In this study, using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology, we evaluated how CBG (1 or 5 µM) and CBD (1 or 5 µM) influence the transcriptome of the main neurotransmission pathways in NSC-34 motor neuron-like cells. At first, we evaluated that CBG and CBD were not cytotoxic and decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic genes. CBG and CBD are able to influence the expression of the genes involved in glutamate, GABA and dopamine signaling. Interestingly, the transcriptional changes induced by CBG were similar compared to CBD.
Highlights
Cannabis sativa is a plant belonging to the Cannabaceae family and represents a reservoir of cannabinoids, knowns for their biological properties [1]
In order to assess the cytotoxic effects of CBD and CBG, NSC-34 motor neuron-like cells were
MTT assay showed that both CBG and CBD at the tested doses were not cytotoxic, as as confirmed by transcriptomic analysis that evidenced the downregulation of genes involved in cell confirmed by transcriptomic analysis that evidenced the downregulation of genes involved in cell death mechanisms such as MAP3K5, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase member 4 (PARP4), EIRF2AK3, ERN1, caspase 6 (CASP6) and CASP8 (Table 1)
Summary
Cannabis sativa is a plant belonging to the Cannabaceae family and represents a reservoir of cannabinoids, knowns for their biological properties [1]. Other phytocannabinoids such as Cannabidiol (CBD) and Cannabigerol (CBG) can be isolated from Cannabis sativa (Figure 1). CBG and CBD have the advantage of being two non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids that show different health-promoting effects. CBD and CBG exert their activity through interaction with multiple molecular sites. These phytocannabinoids interact with cannabinoid receptors (CBs) coupled to G proteins, located in regions of the brain associated with important neurological processes [2]. These two cannabinoids are characterized by different action profiles.
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