The training and visit agricultural extension in rainfed agriculture: Lessons from Ethiopia

Abstract

This study provides an analytical framework for the monitoring and evaluation of extension projects through an examination of the applicability of the training and visit (T&V) extension in Ethiopia. The field evaluation reveals the T&V system's effectiveness in disseminating innovations and increasing yields among contact farmers, upgrading extension agents' skills, and imparting valuable lessons for other extension systems in Ethiopia. At same time, the system's reliance on small groups of contact farmers for rapid diffusion of innovations to the masses restrains its effectiveness, suggesting the need for a correction in its application. Efforts should be made to bring women into all levels of the T&V structure. Women are noticeably absent at present. The findings from this study support the continuation of the T&V system in the relatively fertile regions of Ethiopia. But they also highlight its limited applicability in resource-poor and drought-prone regions of the country.