The traces elements absorption, accumulation and translocation ability of Phragmites australis

Abstract

In this study, the wastewater analyses of Oued K’sob for one year showed a spatiotemporal diminution of zinc content seasonally, it rest light than copper. But Zinc and copper a threat to the environment of the region. The wastewater analyses of Oued K’sob water for one year showed a spatiotemporal diminution of zinc content seasonally, with a minimum and maximum range of 249 ± 219 µg/l and 2382 ± 3426 µg/l obtained in autumn and summer for the zinc and 75 ± 24 µg/l and 433 ± 310 µg/l obtained in winter and spring at the first and fifth station for the copper. These concentrations of zinc and copper a threat to the environment of the region. Like a solution for this problem, the absorption, accumulation and translocation abilities of Phragmites australis were determined toward iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb). In the soils contaminated by different concentrations (100, 200 and 500 mg/L), the absorption, accumulation and transport ability of elements were evaluated via the Bio-concentration (BCF), Bioaccumulation (BF) and Translocation (TF) factors. A proportional increase between the BCF, BFs, TFs and the irrigation concentrations, where BCFs of all metallic elements exceed 1 and the Zn BCF, BFs and TFL are the highest and exceed 1 relative to the other elements which remain lower than 1, which has a low accumulation. Therefore, according to the BCFs obtained and which exceed 1, we can consider this plant as a hyper-accumulator of Zn, Fe, Cu and Pb. Extraction of fatty and organic acids followed by HPLC confirmed the oxalic, citric, malic, succinic, fumaric, formic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acid presence, which are responsible for the transport of the metal from roots to leaves. In the light of these results, we can therefore propose Phragmites australis species as an alternative and natural solution to reduce the high concentrations of zinc and copper in the Oued k‘sob (region of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria).