Abstract
Three automated flow-injection systems are proposed for the determination of traces of manganese(II), lead and copper(II) in waters. The first system utilizes the catalytic effect of manganese(II) on the oxidation of N, N-diethylaniline by potassium periodate at pH 6.86–7.10 (30°C) and is used for spectrophotometric determination at 475 nm in the range 0.02–1.00 μg1 −1; the system involves reagent injection and stopped flow. The determination of lead in the range 0.7–100 μg1 −1 is based on spectrophotometric detection of the lead 4/(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol complex at 525 nm after on-line preconcentration of the sample (5–50 ml) on a minicolumn filled with Chelex-100 or Dowex 1-X8 resin. A potentiometric flow-injection system with a copper ion-selective electrode is applied for the determination of 0.5–1000 μg 1 −1 copper(II) after on-line preconcentration of 50–500 ml of sample on Chelex-100 resin. The procedures are tested on synthetic and real water samples, including sea water and waste-waters.
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