The Toxicological effects of fenitrothion and vitamin E as antioxidant agent on the biochemical, cytogenetic and histopathological parameters of white rats

Abstract

Background: The use of pesticides has been increased considerably nowadays compared to the past. The hazards of using such chemical compounds have been accentuated by the sharp rise of their use in agriculture, industry, by householders and governments. Exposure to organophosphorus insecticides (OPI) in agriculture is one of the occupational hazards. Fenitrothion is one of the most important OPI. The major object of the present study was to evaluated the toxicological (biochemical, mutagenic and histopathological) effects of tested insecticide alone or combined to vitamin E as an antioxidant agent to decrease their toxic effect. Material and Method male albino rats were tested orally for 30 days, three doses of fenitrothion were used in absence and presence of vitamin E (1/20, 1/40 and 1/80 LD50). Results the obtained data showed marked changes in biochemical parameter, highly inhibition of AchE activity; highly significant increase in the frequency of micronucleus (PCEM) in rat bone marrow cells at all doses of fenitrothion alone or combined to vitamin compared to control group. Also, the histopathological examination of liver and kidney tissues revealed high alternation in these tissues corresponding to biochemical changes. Conclusion From these results we concluded that fenitrothion exert biochemical, mutagenic and histopathological effects in white rats. In addition, vitamin E has mild role in alleviating these toxicological effects.