Abstract
A saturated solution of pyrene in water was not toxic to the fish Pimepnales promelas , even in the presence of ultraviolet light. A survival curve possessing one minimum, and therefore defining two LC 50 values, was obtained when fish placed in water containing increasing amounts of a pyrene solution in dimethylsulfoxide were exposed to ultraviolet light after a short incubation period. The phototoxicity was linked to the presence of undissolved pyrene. A normal survival curve with only one LC 50 value was found when pyrene was solubilized with the surfactant Tween-20. Practically no phototoxicity was produced when the pyrene mixtures were filtered before use, or when a saturated aqueous solution of pyrene was used. Piperonyl butoxide, present at a concentration where it was not toxic, synergized the toxicity of pyrene in the dark . The environmental significance of this observation may be considerable.
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