Abstract
Objective: Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can differentiate into bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament, they can be used to treat aggressiveperiodontitis. The limited number of MSCs requires replenishment of growth factor in the cell culture process. Since growth factor is quite expensive,an alternative material is needed. Mauli banana stem has antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Methanol extract of Mauli banana stem isknown to be toxic toward MSCs; therefore, another solvent with a non-toxic effect is needed, such as a water solvent. We analyzed the toxicity of Maulibanana stem water extract on MSC in vitro.Methods: In this laboratory experimental (true experimental) study with a Post-test Only Control Group Design, MSC cultures were treated withMauli banana stem water extract at 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/mL dosages. One group without any treatment served as a control group and onewas a media control group. Each group was incubated for 24 h and then was given 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidereagent and analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader.Results: One-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference.Conclusion: Mauli banana stem water extracts at 10, 20, 40, and 60 mg/mL were not toxic toward MSC in vitro, while dosages of 80 and 100 mg/mLdosage were toxic.
Highlights
Aggressive periodontitis is that which advances progressively in young patients, defined by the rapid loss of attachment [1]
In this laboratory experimental study with a Post-test Only Control Group Design, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) cultures were treated with Mauli banana stem water extract at 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/mL dosages
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament, which enables their use for the treatment of aggressive periodontitis [4,5]
Summary
Aggressive periodontitis is that which advances progressively in young patients, defined by the rapid loss of attachment [1]. This lesion is treated using bone graft. Bone graft is known to regenerate only half of the destroyed periodontal tissue, so the therapeutic approach has shifted to the use of stem cells for treatment [2,3]. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament, which enables their use for the treatment of aggressive periodontitis [4,5]. There is only one MSC per 10,000 nucleated cells, so a growth factor is necessary in addition to the cell culture process [6].
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