Abstract
The authors have developed a beam finite element model for thin walled beams with arbitrary cross sections in the large torsion context [1]. Circular functions of the torsion angle θx (c=cosθx-1 and s=sinθx) were included as variables. In this paper three other three-dimensional finite element beams are derived according to the three approximations of the circular functions c and s: cubic, quadratic and linear. A finite element approach of these approximations is carried out. Many comparison examples are considered. They concern non linear behaviour of beams under twist moment and post buckling behaviour of beams under axial loads or bending loads.
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