The TNF-α, P53 protein response and lung respiratory changes to exercise, chronic hypoxia and Adiantum capillus-veneris supplementation.

Mehdi Yadegari,Fatma Rhibi,Gholamreza Hamidian,Ayoub Saeidi,Seyed Mohsen Afkhami,Simin Riahy,Shadmehr Mirdar,Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman,Anthony C Hackney,Hassane Zouhal

doi:10.5603/arm.2019.0037

Abstract

Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chronic hypoxia and the (Ac-v) extraction as a supplement on TNF-a and P53 protein expression as well as the respiratory surface. 24 healthy Wistar rats (age = 4 weeks, weight = 72 = 9 gr) were trained using interval training for 6 weeks followed by a 3-week stay in hypoxia conditions. Half of the hypoxia samples received 500 ml/gr/per body weight daily (Ac-v) within 3 weeks of hypoxia. At the end, the lung tissue was removed for histological and immunohistological analysis. After 3 weeks of hypoxia exposure following 6 weeks of exercise, expression of P53 and TNF-a increased and the respiratory surface decreased (p ≤ 0.05). After 3 weeks of taking the Ac-v extract during hypoxia exposure, reduced P53 and TNF-a expression and the increased respiratory surface were observed (p ≤ 0.05). Chronic hypoxia may be considered as a strong stimulus leading to the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and tissue disruption. However, our findings suggest that the antioxidative properties of Ac-v extract could decrease the destructive structural and molecular events that happen along with hypoxia exposure or intense exercise training.

Highlights

Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects
It was observed that the level of this protein in the supplemental hypoxia group has significantly decreased compared to the hypoxia group (P ≤ 0.05)
The analysis showed that the (Ac-v) extract in the supplemental hypoxia group for 3 weeks compared to the hypoxia group resulted in a significant decrease of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a expression of the lung parenchyma (34%, p ≤ 0.05) (Figure 1, 2)

Summary

Introduction

Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects. Results: After 3 weeks of hypoxia exposure following 6 weeks of exercise, expression of P53 and TNF-a increased and the respiratory surface decreased (p ≤ 0.05). After 3 weeks of taking the Ac-v extract during hypoxia exposure, reduced P53 and TNF-a expression and the increased respiratory surface were observed (p ≤ 0.05). Hypoxia is defined as a lack of oxygen delivery resulting in an inability to maintain physiological function [1] Different organs such as the lungs, heart, vessels and skeletal muscles respond dramatically to any kind of reduced oxygen delivery [2]. Apoptosis as programed cell death is a physiological process in which cells might die unconsciously regardless of their growth status or other biological processes [6] This kind of death would happen more probably in tissue hemostasis

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