Abstract
The HARP system of resistive plate chambers (RPCs) was designed toperform particle identification by the measurement of the difference in the time-of-flight of differentparticles. In previous papers an apparent discrepancy was shown between theresponse of the RPCs to minimum ionizing pions and heavily ionizingprotons. Using the kinematics of elastic scattering off a hydrogen target acontrolled beam of low momentum recoil protons was directed onto the RPCchambers. With this method the trajectory and momentum, and hence thetime-of-flight of the protons can be precisely predicted without needfor a measurement of momentum of the protons.It is demonstrated that the measurement of the time-of-arrival ofparticles by the thin gas-gap glass RPC system of the HARP experimentdepends on the primary ionization deposited by the particle in thedetector.
Highlights
The HARP system of resistive plate chambers (RPCs) was designed to perform particle identification by the measurement of the difference in the time-of-flight of different particles
Particle identification (PID) at large angles is mainly performed by mean energy loss measurements in the TPC
A system of resistive plate chambers has been designed and used as additional PID device for particles emerging with large production angles
Summary
Particle identification (PID) at large angles is mainly performed by mean energy loss (dE/dx) measurements in the TPC. A complementary system for particle identification to distinguish between electrons and pions in the momentum range 125 MeV/c–250 MeV/c is needed For these relatively low momenta PID can be performed by time-of-flight (ToF) measurements. The algorithm converts the TDC scale into physical units, accounts for the arrival time of the beam particle at the target, for the transit time of the signal within the pad and from the pad to the preamplifier, and for temperature fluctuations of the time response. It corrects for so called time-walk arising from the fact that signals with different pulse-height and the same shape cross the fixed discriminator level at different time. More details of the design, layout, calibration and operational parameters of the HARP RPCs can be found in [5], [6], [7], [8]
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