The threat of extreme wave disasters and coastal abrasion in the coastal areas of Makassar City

Abstract

Global warming has a great effect on the climate changes and the hydro-oceanography activities in the ocean, has caused threats of the extreme wave disasters and the coastal abrasion along the coastal areas. This research aims to investigate the level of extreme wave threats and the comparative descriptive analysis method. To look at the causality correlation between the study parameter and the interpretation parameter which is used to conclude the disaster level of threat of the extreme wave and the coastal abrasion. The data analysis uses the software of QGIS 2.8.11, and the analysis table is taken from the regulation of chief of the National Disaster Management Agency number 2 of 2012, which has been modified by the author based on the local conditions of the research location. The research results indicate that the coastal areas of Makassar city have threats of the extreme waves and the coastal abrasion with the total threat value ranging from 1,30-3,00. The threat of extreme wave disaster and the category of the abrasion were high in the coastal area of Tamalate, which has the total threat values of to 3,00, while the threat categories in the sub-districts of Wajo, Ujung Tanah, and Tallo were medium ranging from 1,70 to 2,20. The lowest categories were found in the sub-districts of Biringkanaya, Tamalanrea, and Mariso of which the threats range from 1,3 to 1,6. Decreasing the disaster risk can be done through several strategies, including developing a disaster management plan, establishing a program of decreasing disaster risk, creating an early disaster warning system, and disseminating the program of decreasing disaster risk to the coastal community.