Abstract
Device-quality conjugated organic thin films are now routinely prepared in many different ways to fabricate light-emitting diodes, thin-film transistors, and photovoltaic devices. Understanding how to design molecules through versatile synthetic chemistry and the mechanisms of phase transformation and chemical reaction that occur during the thin-film deposition process becomes especially vital for the performance of the applications. This article reviews the current understanding of various thin-film deposition technologies for the conjugated organic molecules primarily used in optoelectronics, particularly in photovoltaic applications.
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