Abstract

Analysis of rocket-borne mass spectrometric thermospheric measurements of major and minor neutral species by coupled multicomponent equations of motion reveals the lower thermosphere to be in a nonequilibrium state. The individual species motion and thermal diffusion are significant factors in (1) the theoretical calculations of self-consistent species distributions and velocities for almost all atmospheric species and (2) the determination of lower-thermospheric temperatures from individual species profiles. The theoretical approach and the results of rocket probe analyses with regard to thermospheric species distributions, temperatures, and vertical velocities are presented.

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