Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of dilute solutions of sulfur in pure liquid nickel were investigated at 1500, 1550, and 1575°C for sulfur concentrations up to 0.7 wt pct. Based on the infinitely dilute, wt pct standard state, the equilibrium data obtained for the reaction: H2(g) + S = H2S(g) were fitted by the equations: logK = − 1489/T − 1.772, and ΔG° = 6812 + 8.11T, cal/mole. For the solution ofS2(g) in pure Ni according to the reaction: 1/2S2(g) = S (in Ni), the standard free energy of solution is found to be: ΔG° = - 28,342 + 3.62T, cal/mole. For the very dilute solutions of sulfur normally encountered in nickel-base melting, the activity coefficient of sulfur in pure Ni at 1575°C is given by: log fS= -0.035 (pct S). The effects of alloying elements normally used in nickel-base alloys on the activity coefficient of sulfur in molten nickel were investigated. The activity coefficient of sulfur is increased by all of the alloying elements studied, as evidenced by the interaction parameters: eSfe = +0.005, eSCr = +0.030, eSMo = +0.053, eSTi = +0.160, and eSA1 = +0.133. Measured values of the activity coefficient of sulfur in the quaternary system Ni-S-Cr-Fe agreed reasonably well with those predicted from binary and ternary data.
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