Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of niacin (B3) on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), alone and as adjunct therapy, with chromium picolinate (CrPlt) and sitagliptin. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of niacin and chromium picolinate supplementation with sitagliptin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
 Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 600 patients suffering from T2DM from four different hospitals in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; patients were divided into three groups (n=200 per group). Group A was given sitagliptin (100 mg), Group B received niacin (14 mg/d) along with sitagliptin, and Group C received chromium picolinate (200 mcg/d) and niacin (14 mg/d) along with sitagliptin, for a duration of 6 months. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the efficacy of all treatment groups, and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.
 Results: The data indicated that all defined therapies have a significant influence with respect to fasting blood sugar (FBS) (p<0.0001), random blood sugar (RBS) (p<0.0001) and glycosylated hemoglobin (p<0.0001).
 Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that low doses of niacin and chromium picolinate supplementation with sitagliptin helps in maintaining glycemic control in patients with T2DM, and provides the best treatment option among those considered.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), previously known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is the most common non-transmissible disease in the world characterized by insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia [1]
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of niacin and chromium picolinate supplementation with sitagliptin in T2DM patients
The comparative results of therapy between group B and C was found to be significant; ****(p= 0.0001). These results showed the promise of sitagliptin/niacin/chromium picolinate therapy
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), previously known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is the most common non-transmissible disease in the world characterized by insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia [1]. Different types of management have been used to control glucose levels in T2DM patients, including lifestyle modification, diet, and exercise. The vitamin, niacin, acts as salutary among people with T2DM who have cardiovascular issues It helps in uplifting the load of oxidation due to metabolic disorders and reducing diabetic complications. Pharmaceutical companies have broadly promoted the benefits of chromium for insulin resistance treatment and T2DM prevention. Chromium picolinate has a better absorption curve and is more effective than other elements. It increases phosphorylation and binding of insulin at the receptor site, thereby reducing insulin resistance [16]. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of niacin and chromium picolinate supplementation with sitagliptin in T2DM patients
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