The therapeutic effect of combined surgery of anterior and posterior segment and silicon oil tamponade on macular hole retinal detachment in eyes with high myopia

Abstract

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of combined surgery of anterior and posterior segment and silicon oil tamponade on macular hole retinal detachment in eyes with high myopia. Methods The clinical data of 48 high myopia patients (48 eyes) with macular hole retinal detachment were retrospectively analyzed. Retinal detachment was mainly at the posterior pole; macular hole was confirmed by non-contact Hruby lens and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy and silicon oil tamponade were performed to all patients, of which 41 had undergone internal limiting membrane peeling, and 23 had intraocular lens implanting. The oil had been removed 3.5-48.0 months after the first surgery and OCT had been performed before the removal. The follow-up period after the removal of the silicon oil was more than 1 year. Results The edge of the macular hole could not be seen under the non-contact Hruby lens 1 week after the surgery in all but 5 patients, and the visual acuity improved. The silicon oil had been removed in all of the 48 patients; the OCT scan before the removal showed that the closed macular holes can be in U shape (8 eyes), V shape (6 eyes) or W shape (23 eyes). About 13-38 months after the oil removal, retinal detachment recurred in 2 patients with the W-shaped holes. At the end of the follow-up period, 16 patients (33.3%) had U or V-shaped macular holes, and 32 patients (66.7%) had W-shaped macular holes. The rate of retinal reattachment was 100%. Conclusion Combined surgery of anterior and posterior segment and silicon oil tamponade is effective on macular hole retinal detachment in eyes with high myopia. Key words: Myopia; degenerative/complications; Retinal perforations/surgery; Retinal detachment/surgery; Silicone oils/therapeutic use; Vitrectomy