Abstract
Objective: Mafenide acetate has appropriate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria isolated from the eschar surface. This drug has a high permeability through eschar which causes not only low concentration in the target place but also systemic toxicity. The aim of this study was localization of mafenide acetate into the eschar by chitosome.
 Methods: In this study, liposomes are prepared with thin-layer hydration method and then covered by chitosan film. Based on full factorial design, different formulation was prepared and characterized and the selected formulation was applied on burned rat skin.
 Results: Chitosan decreased membrane fluidity by interaction with phospholipid and cholesterol that induced lower drug loading efficiency and higher particle size of chitosomal formulation in comparison with liposomal formulations. Mucoadhesive and slow drug release property of chitosomes provided higher drug concentration into the eschar.
 Conclusion: Impairment barrier property of eschar can be treated by the application of chitosomes. Chitosomes provided more drug concentration into the eschar and so are better vehicles for burn wound treatment in comparison with liposomes.
Highlights
Burns occupy a large body surface area and are a major cause of death due to subsequent infection
The loading percentage in chitosomes is lower than liposomes which show the effect of chitosan onthe reduction of loading capacity
Liposome and chitosome release studies To evaluate the influence of independent variables and chitosan film on drug release pattern, once we studied the amounts of drug release as a response and by plotting drug release curve against time
Summary
Burns occupy a large body surface area and are a major cause of death due to subsequent infection. One of the most effective antimicrobial compounds in the treatment of burn wound infection is mafenide acetate that has appropriate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria isolated from the Escher surface [5,6]. Mafenide acetate is an antimicrobial drug indicated as a primary agent in the treatment of burn wound infections. Liposome was selected for mafenide acetate delivery through burned rat skin. Chitosan is used to treat burn wound infection due to its antimicrobial properties and by its wound healing effect and its ability to slow release drug delivery into the wound [13]. The novelty of this study is using of lipid nanoparticles with mucoadhesive property for localization of mafenide acetate in burn wound that previously has not been reported
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